Automatic twyer-cleaner for metallurgical converters



C. J. ARCH.

AUTOMATIC TWYER CLEANER FOR METALLURGICAL CONVERTERS.

APPLlCATlON FILED MAR. 22. I917.

1,303,755. Patented Ma 13, 1919.

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I APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22, I917- 1, ,303,755. Patented May 13, 1919.

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AUTOMATIC TWYER CLEANER FOR METALLURGICAL CONVERTERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. 19!].

1,303,755. Patented May 13, 1919.

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WITNESSES INVENTOR GcZAZ c/J ATTORNEYS C. J.,ARCH.

AUTOMATIC TWYER CLEANER FOR METALLURGICAL CONVERTERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. 1917.

1,803,755. Patented May 13, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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fifldva "I; By W ATTORNEYS C. J. ARCH.

AUTOMATIC TWYER CLEANER FOR METALLURGICAL CONVERTERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. i917.

Patented May 13, 1919.

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AUTOMATIC TWYER CLEANER FOR METALLURGICAL CONVERTERS APPLICATION FILEDMAR. 22. 19!].

1,303,755. Patnted May13, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

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CHARLES J. ARCH, 0F DOUGLAS, ARIZONA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-FIFTH TO VICKO S. MIMICA, ONE-FIFTH TO'STEVE J. ANGIUS, ONE-FIFTH TO JACK N. MAROVICH, AND ONE-FIFTH TO STEVE IVL PERA ZICH, ALL OF DOUGLAS, ARIZONAl AUTOMATIC TWYER-CLEANER- FOR METALLURGICAL CONVERTERS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 13, 1919.

Application filed March 22 ,1917. Serial no. 156,588.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES 'J. ARoH, a subject of the King of Austria-Hungary, and a resident of Douglas, in the county of Cochise and State of Arizona, have invented a new and Improved Automatic Twyer- Cleaner for Metallurgical Converters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to twyer cleaners especially designed for converters whereby the twyers can be quickly and elfectively cleaned automatically after the apparatus is once set in operation by the attendant.

The invention has for its general objects to provide a machine of the character referred to which is reliable and efficient in use and so designed as to constitute an attachment for converters of standard design without changing the construction thereof and without interfering with the turning of the converter.

Another object ofthe invention is to provide an apparatus including a .plurality of punch bars for the twyers, and motors for automatically actuating the said bars, there being a novel arrangement of valves and instrumentalities whereby the pistons not only reverse their strokes automatically but one motor sets into operation the next motor after the first motor has once been started by the operator.

Another object of the invention is the em ployment of clutch means for connecting the cleaning device with the converter to swing therewith through a limited arc and to automatically unclutch from the converter while the latter swings to its limit, there being a counterbalancing mechanism for supporting the cleaner in the position it occupies when it automatically unclutches from the converter, so that when the converter returns, the cleaner will be automatically clutched thereto.

An additional object is to provide a novel arrangement of stationary guides or tracks and means engaging therewith for guiding the movement of the cleaner frame and maintaining the same in alinement with respect to the converter.

Still a further object'is to provide a punch bar in which the operative end thereof is removable, so that it can be renewed when worn, and in combination with the punch bar is a scraper for removing slag therefrom as the punch bar is withdrawn from the twyer, and associated with the punch bar is a cooling tank for preventing too high a temperature.

Also the invention has as an object to provide means for disengaging any cylinder or cylinders independently without interfering with the successful operation of the rest of the cleaner or of the converter, and to provide means to discontinue punching or cleaning any twyer or any number of twyers when such twyers are out of commission for ny reason, such as the burning out of a twyer or damage of the twyer closing device.

Another object is the provision of means which acts as a scraper for each punch bar to remove slag therefrom as the punch bar is withdrawn from a twyer and also acts as a friction device or clutch for preventing longit-udinal movement of the punch bars and pistons when the cleaning device is not working, although it be connected with the tilting converter. In other words, the scraping means keeps the punch bars from sliding toward the converter or into the twyers.

lVith such objects in view, and others which will appear as the description proceeds. the invention comprises various novel features of construction and arrangement of parts which will be set forth with particularity in the following description and claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention and wherein similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views,

Figure l is a'plan view of one-half of the converter with a portion in section and the twyer cleaning machine applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a similar view of the other half of the converter and showing a'twyer cleaning machine equipped with a punch bar for each twyer;

Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of several of the bank of motors for the punch bars; I

Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views in different positions of the parts of the clutch means between the cleaner frame andthe converter body;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of one of the punch bar motors taken on the line 7--7, Fig. 8;

Fig. 8 is a transverse section on the line 88, Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a verticalsection of a cooling tank and scraper with a punch bar in elevation;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the automatic regulator for the motive medium, wherebya punch bar is moved onits cleaning stroke with increasing power and speed and on its reverse stroke with decreasing power and speed; and

Fig. 11 is a detail view, partly in section, showing a twyer closing means and the associated punch bar with its cooling means.

Referring to the drawings, A designates a Bessemer converter, B the cleaning machine for the twyers, C the automatic clutches for connecting and disconnecting the converter and cleaning machine. The converter A has the usual twyers 1 which receive air from the distributing chamber 2 that is supplied from a suitable source of air under pressure through the hollow trunnion 3. The converter has at one side a smooth-faced truimion 5 which bears on supporting wheels 6, and at the opposite side is a toothed trunnion 7 which meshes with supportinggear wheels 8, one of which can be turned for tilting the converter.

The cleaning machine 'B comprises a horizontal frame 9 disposed at the rear or twyer side of the converter, and on this frame are a plurality of horizontally disposed piston and cylinder motors 10, of which there may be as many as there are twyers, as shown in Fig. 2, some being inoperative, as shown in Fig. 1. Each motor, as shown in Fig. 7, comprises a cylinder 11 having removable cap-shaped heads 12, and reciprocating in the cylinder is a piston 13 which has a rod 14 extending out of one end of the cylinder. The rod 14 has a removable terminal section 15, as shown in Fig. 9.. which section is adapted to slide longitudinally through a twyer and remove the slag therefrom. In other words, each piston rod is a punch bar and is substantially of the same diameter as thetwyer, so that the latter can be effectively cleaned in one stroke and so that there will be no escape of air during the cleaning operation. Each punch bar reciprocatesthrough a tank 16 carried by the frame 9 of the cleaning machine, there being stuffing boxes 17 in opposite walls'of the tank so that leakage of cooling water out of the tank will be prevented. Circulation of water may be maintained in the tank by supplying water through the inlet 18 and conducting off the overflow through an outlet 19, the

tank having a drain 20. Each punch bar slides through a scraper 21 supported by the Wall of the tank and comprising a pair of semi-circular members 22 whichare mainpunch bar is withdrawn from a twyer, the

slag will be removed from the punch bar. Furthermore, they act as clutches for the bars. 1

The motor pistons may be reciprocated by steam or compressed air, and preferably each motor is provided with a pair of inlet and outlet valves 25 and 26 at the rear end. and a pair of inlet and outlet valves 25' and 26 at the front end. The valves are located in the heads 12 of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 7, and each valve comprises a casing 0 and a rotary body 0 therein, and these parts have ports 27 and 28 which are adapted to be thrown into and'out of register by the turning of the valve bodies. The casings of the inlet valves 25 and 25 are connected by branches 29 and 29" with sup-- ply pipes 30 and 30, respectively, and the casings of the outlet valves are connected by branches 31 and 31 with exhaust pipes 2' and 3', respectively.

By reference to Fig. 4, the mechanism for operating the valves of the motors in a predetermined sequence will be observed. The rotary part of each valve has a stem 33 and. on the stems of the rear and front inlet valves are levers 34 and 35, and on the stems of the rear and front outlet valves are levers 36 and 37, respectively. The inlet valve of the first motor m is connected with an operators pull rod 38, whereby motive fluid can be admitted to the cylinder for moving the piston on its cleaning stroke. Each motor has its levers 34 and 37 connected together by a rod 39 and its levers 35 and 36 by a rod 40, so that the inlet valve at one end of the motor cylinder will be opened at the same time that the outlet valve at the opposite end is opened. At the rear and front ends respectlvely of each motor rockers 41 and 42. The rocker 41 of one motor is connected by a link 43 with the inlet valve lever 34 of the next motor; that is to say, the rocker 41 of the motor m is connected with the inlet valve lever of the alink 46 with the lever 35 of the front inlet valve of the same motor, and also the rocker 42 is connected with a link 47 which has a lost motion connection 48 with the associated lever 37. The rockers .41 and42 arcadapted to be automatically actuated by the reciprocation of the motor piston. Each motor The rocker 42 at V cylinder has push rods 49 and 50 extending out of the rear and front heads to actuate the rockers 41 and 42, respectively. Each push rod extends into the cylinder and is adapted to be engaged by the piston 13, Fig. 7, in such a manner that when the piston moves forwardly the push rod 50 will be actuated near the end of the forward stroke of the piston, and the push rod 49 will be actuated near the end of the rearward stroke of the piston. Springs 51 and 52 of different tension are arranged on each push rod so as to return the latter to normal position, the springs being disposed within yokes 53 fastened to the cylinder heads. Between the springs are floating washers 54, and on each push rod is fastened a limiting device which is adapted to engage theassociated washer 54 and limit the compression of the lighter spring 52.

When the operator opens the inlet valve of the first motor by pulling the rod 38, fluid is admitted to the cylinder ofthe first motor and the piston is moved forwardly to clean the first twyer. Near the end of the forward stroke the pusher 50 strikes the rocker 42, which operates through the links 46 and 47 to simultaneously open'the front inlet valve 25 and close the front outlet valve, and through the rods 39 and 40 the rear inlet valve 25 is closed and the rear outlet valve 26 opened. Consequently, the motor piston is moved backwardly and finally it strikes the pusher 49 which in turn actuates the rocker 41. This rocker operates through the links 43 and 44 to open the rear inlet valve and the front outlet valve of the motor m and the rocker also operates through the link 44 to close the front inlet valve and rear outlet valve of thefirst motor m. The cycle of operation is successively repeated with the motors m m and so on, until all the twyers have been cleaned.

In moving forwardly the punch bars have the resistance of the slag in the twyers to overcome, and consequently more power must be applied to the motors during the forward movement of the piston than is required for the rearward movement. Consequently automatic regulating means for the steam or compressed air is employed. This regulating means may be constructed as shown in Fig. 10, wherein the supply pipes 30 and 30 are branches of a common pipe 56 leading from a source of fluid pressure. In the pipe 30 is a valve 57 that is normally almost fully closed, and in the pipe 30 is a valve 58 normally fully open. Also in the pipes 30 and 30 are paddle wheels 59 and 60 respectively which are rotated by the flow of the fluid through the pipes. Each wheel is operatively connected with a centrifugal governor 61 and each governor is connected by lever means 62 with its associated valve 57 or 58. WVhen the operator opens the first inlet valve air passes through the pipe 30 in a progresively increasing volume per unit time by reason of the wheel 59 causing the governor connected therewith to progressively open the valve 57. Thus sufiicient power is applied to the piston of the motor to cause the punch bar thereof to move the slag from the twyer. The inlet valves at the rear and front are, respectively, automatically and quickly closed and opened so that the piston can quickly recede and thus prevent the hot metal in the converter from melting the end of the bar. On the return stroke air or steam passes through the pipe 31 to the particular motor that is operating, and the wheel 60 in the pipe 30 is caused to revolve by the flowing fluid, and this wheel operating through the associated governor 61 progressively closes the valve 58 so as to reduce the power applied to the returning piston. It will be understood that the pipe 30 connects with the rear end of each motor and the pipe 30 with the front end, but as the motors operate successively there will be an alternate flow of fluid through the pipes 30 and 30.

The clutch means O, whereby the motorcarrying frame 9 has a limited movement with the converter as it tilts, comprises a laterally movable block 63 on each trunnion of the converter, and a pair of jaws 64 on each of the two forwardly extending arms 65 of the frame 9, such arms being spaced apart so' as to embrace the converter. The blocks 63 are slidable on studs 66 mounted on the converter and arranged on these studs are helical compression springs 67 which urge the clutch blocks 63 outwardly to maintain them engaged between the clutch jaws 64. As the converter moves to the right or left of its normal position the clutch blocks encounter fixed abutments 68, which by a cam action force the blocks 63 inwardly out of the plane of the clutch aws 64, as shown in Fig. 6, such abutments each being in the form of a ball 69 mounted on anti-friction balls 70 in a bearing 71 of the fixed bracket 72. On the clutch blocks 63 are lugs 7 3 with which engage automatic latches 74 on the converter, whereby the clutch blocks are held in indrawn position, as shown in Fig. 6, the normal position of the catch 74 being shown in Fig. 5, with the free end of the catch resting on the associated lug 7 3. While the converter is tilting to its full extent after having been unclutched from the motor-carrying frame 9, the clutch blocks are held by the latches 74, and when the converter returns to normal position the holding latches 74 will encounter a kick-off dog 75 pivoted on the bearing 71, this engagement taking place when said dog is in the dotted-line position,

Fig. 6, so that the clutch blocks 63 can enter between the clutch jaws 64 and thereby reengage the motor-carrying frame with the motor, whereby the punch bars will be in line with the twyers. From Fig. 2 it will be observed that each clutch block has a latch 7 4 at each end and that there are two abutments 68 and kick-off dogs for each clutch.

The twyer cleaning device B is so counterbalanced that when it is disengaged from the converter it will remain stationary until the converter returns, whereupon the cleaning device is again clutched to the converter. The counterbalancing means is constructed as shown in Fig. 3, there being a counterbalancing weight 76 at each side of the machine connected with a chain or equivalent element 77 which runs over pulleys 78 on a horizontally movable truck 79 which runs along fixed rails 80 and 80 The chain 77 is connected with the center of a lever 81 which is in turn connected at its ends with links 82 that are pivotally connected with the frame 9. By this arrange-- ment the motor-carrying frame 9 can swing in an arc of a circle as the converter tilts, and yet the frame 9 and parts carried thereby will be perfectly counterbalanced in any position. The weight 76 is movable in a vertical guide 76 which is fastened to and movable with the horizontally movable truck 79, which latter moves back and forth automatically as the cleaning device swings with the converter.

To maintain the movable cleaning device B in fixed alinement with the converter, the frame 9 has parallel portions 83 which have sliding contact with vertical guide rails 84 mounted on the building columns 85, said guide rails being so constructed that they can beadjustable to obtain the proper engagement with the frame for insuring smooth movement without unnecessary play. Arcuate guide rails 86 cooperate with the rails Sl to insure alinement of the motorcarrying frame 9, said rails 86 being approximately concentric with the turning axis of the converter, as shown in Fig. 8. These rails 86, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, are channel-shaped and are provided with a reentrant flange 87, and on the frame 9 are rearwardly extending arms 88 which carry rollers 89, 90 and 91, which engage respectively the flanges 87, the rear web 92 of the rail, and the lateral web 93, so that play both lateral and back and forth is prevented. Since the motor-carrying frame 9 is thus guided by two sets of guide rails and since the frame is nicely counterbalanced, the frame moves smoothly with the converter and maintains the punch bars in alinement with the twyers throughout the range of movement of the converter determined by the position ofthe abutment 68, and when the cleaning device B is unclutched from the converter it will remain stationary until again reclutched.

lVhen a twyer or the closing valve therefor becomes inoperative, the motor of the punch bar for such twyer must be thrown out of commission, and furthermore the punch bar motors themselves sometimes become inoperative. To prevent either event from rendering the whole cleaning device unserviceable,"provision is made to enable such motors to be cut out of use. In Fig. 1 the motors, e, f and g are represented as being out of commission and the other motors shown in Fig. 1 are operatively connected together by long links h, so that these connected motors will operate in succession so that the punch bars of such motors will keep the corresponding twyers clean. The unused twyers are plugged in the usual manner and are left so until a general repair of the converter is made.

The exhaust air from each motor is utilized to assist in cooling the corresponding punch bar. Thus, as shown in Fig. 11, the exhaust pipes 2' and j connected at opposite ends of a cylinder have discharging extremities located respectively above and below the associated punch bar and are disposed between the cooling tank 16 and the closing devices 75 of the twyers. The scrapers 21 can' also be cooled by the exhaust air from the pipes 71 and j.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantages of the construction and method of operation will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, and while I have described the principle of operation, together with the apparatus which I now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative and that such changes may be made when desired as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1..The combination of a converter, a de- 115 vice for cleaning the twyers thereof, clutch means normally connecting the device with the converter, and means dependent upon the movement of the converter for automatically unclutching the device from the con- 120 verter and for automatically clutching the device thereto. 7

2. The combination of a converter, a devi'ce'for cleaning the twyers thereof, clutch means normally connecting the device with 125 the converter, spaced means controlling the clutching and unclutching of the device and converter as the latter moves from or to its normal position in either direction.

.73. The combination of a converter, a de- 130 vice for cleaning the twyers thereof, clutch jaws on the device, movable clutch blocks on the converter and normally engaging the clutch jaws for connecting the device and converter, and means operating on the clutch blocks to disengage them from the jaws as the converter moves from its normal position and permitting the clutch blocks to reengage the aws as the converter moves to its normal position.

4. The combination of a converter, a cleaning device for the twyers thereof, clutch jaws on the device, yieldingly mounted clutch blocks on the converter, ,abutments positioned at opposite sides of the clutch blocks, whereby movement of the converter in one direction or the other engages the blocks with the abutments and effects the release of the blocks from the jaws, automatic latches for holding the blocks in released position, and means for releasing the catches as the converter returns to a predetermined point where the blocks engage between the aws.

5. The combination of a converter, a device for cleaning the twyers thereof, means for clutching and unclutching the device and converter, whereby the two can move together through a certain range and the converter can move independently when unclutched, means for guiding the movement of the said device, and counterbalancing means for the said device.

6. The combination of a converter, a device for cleaning the twyers thereof, means for clutching and unclutching the device and converter, whereby the two can move together through a certain range and the converter can move independently when unclutched, and counterbalancing means for the said device, said counterbalancing means comprising weights, flexible elements connected with the weights, movable trucks over which the elements are guided, and connections between the elements and cleaning device for permitting the latter to swin in an arc.

7. Ihe combination of a converter, a cleaning device for cleaning the twyers thereof, a plurality of guide rails, means on the device engaging the rails for guiding the movement of the device, means for automatically clutching and unclutching the device and converter, and means for counterbalancing the device when clutched or unclutched.

8. The combination of an upright converter, with a cleaning device for the twyers thereof, and means for detachably connecting the device with the converter to move therewith, said device comprising a plurality of punch bars, and interconnected motors controlled one by another for operating the punch bars successively.

9. The combination of a converter, with a device for cleaning the twyers, said device comprising punch bars supported in alinement with the twyers, independent motors for the punch bars, manual means for starting the first motor, and separate means between each motor and the next whereby the motors operate automatically in successive order.

10. The combination of a converter, with a device for cleaning the twyers thereof, said device comprising punch bars supported in line with the twyers, fluid-actuated motors for the punch bars, a valve mechanism for each motor, and a separate connection between the valve mechanism of each motor and the valve mechanism of the adjacent motor, whereby the motors automatically operate in succession.

11. The combination of a converter, with a cleaning device for the twyers thereof, said device including a plurality of punch bars, a piston and cylinder motor for each punch bar,two sets of inlet and outlet valves for each cylinder, means for connecting the valves of each set together to operate simultaneously, a piston-actuated means for each motor for reversely actuating the two sets of valves thereof for reversing the. piston, means actuated by the piston of each motor for operating one set of valves thereof and operating a set of valves of an adjacent motor, whereby the motors operate automatically in succession, and manually controlled means for operating one set of valves of the first motor to set all the motors into successive operation.

12. In a device as herein characterized in combination, a converter including a twyer, a punch bar for cleaning said twyer, means for actuating the punch bar, and a cooling tank having alined fluid tight packed openingsin its opposite ends through which the twyer-entering end of the punch bar passes.

13. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning a twyer thereof, means for actuating the punch bar, and a cooling tank having packed openings through which the twyer-entering end of the punch bar passes, said bar having the twyer-entering end in the form of a removable section.

14. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning a twyer thereof, and chiseled edged arcuate scraping members forming a ring through which the punch bar passes to remove the slag therefrom.

15. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning a twyer thereof, chiseled edged arcuate scraping members forming a ring through which the punch bar passes to remove the slag therefrom, and a water cooling device through which the punch bar moves. v

16. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning a twyer thereof, a

fluid-actuated motor for the punch bar, and automatic regulators actuated by the flow of the motive fluid for progressively increasing the supply of power during the cleaning stroke of the punch bar and progressively decreasing the power during the return stroke.

17. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning a twyer thereof, a fluid-actuated motor for the punch bar, a valve for controlling the flow of fluid to the motor during the cleaning stroke of the punch bar, and a mechanism operated by the flow of fluid for progressively, opening the valve during the cleaning stroke.

18. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning a twyer thereof, a fluid-actuated motor for the punch bar, a valve for controlling the flow of fluid to the motor during the cleaning stroke .of the prmch bar, a mechanism operated by the flow of fluid for progressively opening the valve during the cleaning stroke, a valve controlling the supply of fluid'to the motor during the return stroke of the punch bar, and means actuated by the flow of fluid for progressively closing the lastmentioned valve as the punch bar moves on its return stroke.

19. The combination of a converter, a device for cleaning the twyers thereof, and means for clutching or unclutching the devices and converter, said cleaning device including a plurality of punch bars, motors for the punch bars, a movable support for the punch bars and motors, a frame structure, a truck movable horizontally on the said structure, a conterbalancing means connected with the frame and carried by the truck, said counterbalancing means including a weight, and a vertical guide for the weight mounted. on and movable horizontally with the truck.

20.v The combination of a converter, with a cleaning device for the twyers thereof, said device including a plurality of punch bars, a piston and cylinder motor for each punch bar, two sets of inlet and outlet valves for each cylinder, means for connecting the valves of each set together to operate simultaneously, a 'pistonactuated means for each motor for reversely actuating the two. sets of valves thereof for reversing the piston, means actuated by the piston of each motor for operating oneset of valves thereof, interchangeable means for connecting the lastmentioned means of a motor with the next or remote motor to operate a set of valves thereof, and manually controlled means. for operating one set of valves of the first motor to set all the connected motors in successive operation.

21. The combination of a tilting converter, a punch bar tiltable with the converter for cleaning the twyer thereof, and a device having contact with the punch bar to form a scraper therefor and to frictionally' grip the same to resist movement of the punch bar. I

22. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning the twyer thereof, means for mounting the punch bar to move with the converter, and a device frictionally gripping the punch bar to yieldingly resist movement thereof. 7

23. The combination of a converter, a

punch bar for cleaning'a twyer thereof, an expansible scraper for the punch bar, and means for discharging air against the scraper for cooling the same.

' 24. The combination of a converter, a punch bar for cleaning a twyer thereof, a fluid-actuated motor for the punch bar, a scraper for the punch bar, and means for discharging the exhaust fluid from the motor against the scraper to cool the same.

CHARLES J. Anon.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

'- Washington, D. G. '7 

